R. Pamukova1
*, E. Radev1
, M. Vizeva, WHY THRACIANS WERE THE MOST LONG-LIVED PEOPLE IN
ANTIQUITY? Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 16, Suppl. 1, pp 97-104, 2018
The Thracians had three gods, Ares ( god of war), Dionysius ( wine) and Artemis ( hinting)
The golden treasure of Varna, which is the "oldest gold of the world" (Picture 1) dates back to around 5 000 BC and it contains more than 3,000 gold objects. It was discovered on the shores of Lake Varna in 1972. It is indisputable among archaeologists and historians that the first European civilization was born around Varna.
p 99 The term Danube proto-alphabet signifies letters on clay tiles and writings in caves found during archaeological discoveries from the lower Danube River dating from the Neolithic Age (around 6 000 BC)
According to K. Kirilov's analysis, 26 of the contemporary Cyrillic alphabet letters have prototypes in Magura (10). It is acknowledged by the international scientific community that the Sumerian cuneiform script came about 2000 years later (around 4000 BC) and to date the Danube signs are the oldest in the world, known to science.
Herbalism and surgery have been applied by medical practitioners at that time. The Neolithic settlement at Durankulak Lake belongs to the second half of the 6th millennium BC. From the medicinal plants there were found wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), hops (Humulus lupulus), yarrow (Achillea milefolium), etc. (5) According to the legend, the Thracian Achilles used the white yarrow during the Trojan War to cure bleeding wounds and thus the plant was named after him “Achillea”
p 100 The Thracian leader, Zalmoxis, was a physician and a priest of the Thracian Getae tribe inhabiting the two banks around the mouth of the Danube River. He played a significant role in the ancient culture and medicine. His methods impressed the legendary fathers of philosophy Socrates and Plato, and the latter studied them in the famous "Charmides" dialogue, written around 380 BC: According to it "it is a mistake for physicians to treat the soul or the body separately. The diseases are treated in a complex method consisting of the use of herbal remedies and healing of the soul. The latter consists of a statement of reasonable principles from which wisdom is born in the soul. Once the soul accepts it, it would be appropriate to give a remedy from plants for the health of the head and the rest of the body." (
Orpheus, besides the father of Thracian music,
poetry and music therapy, he has also given rise to herbal therapy and medicine. The philosopher and rhetorician Alcidamas credits Orpheus with the invention of writing (3, 6) The Thracian leader recorded his knowledge of herbalism, medicine, philosophical and religious sciences, as well as his poetry on clay and gold tiles. The existence of "books" of Orpheus has many different sources of evidence. On a bronze mirror from the V century BC, the legendary Thracian is depicted with a lyre and a basket of scrolls and books. (6) According to Euripides his books were written on the most precious metal of all – gold for its divine and medicinal properties
The Derveni papyrus, found in Derveni, Macedonia in 1962, contains a philosophical treatise that is an allegorical commentary on an Orphic poem in hexameters, concerning the birth of the gods. Fragments of the poem are quoted making it "the most important new piece of evidence about philosophy and religion to come to light since the Renaissance" (16) The papyrus dates to around 340 BC, making it Europe's oldest surviving manuscript. Plato in his dialogue “The Republic” tells of priests who would offer purifications to the soul using books by Orpheus and his student Musaeus. (15) According to Batacliev (1989) only 363 fragments are left from the enormous work of Orpheus (3). The historian W. Mitford wrote that the very earliest form of a higher and more cohesive ancient religion was manifested in the Orphic poems: T
The Thracians had three gods, Ares ( god of war), Dionysius ( wine) and Artemis ( hinting)
The golden treasure of Varna, which is the "oldest gold of the world" (Picture 1) dates back to around 5 000 BC and it contains more than 3,000 gold objects. It was discovered on the shores of Lake Varna in 1972. It is indisputable among archaeologists and historians that the first European civilization was born around Varna.
p 99 The term Danube proto-alphabet signifies letters on clay tiles and writings in caves found during archaeological discoveries from the lower Danube River dating from the Neolithic Age (around 6 000 BC)
According to K. Kirilov's analysis, 26 of the contemporary Cyrillic alphabet letters have prototypes in Magura (10). It is acknowledged by the international scientific community that the Sumerian cuneiform script came about 2000 years later (around 4000 BC) and to date the Danube signs are the oldest in the world, known to science.
Herbalism and surgery have been applied by medical practitioners at that time. The Neolithic settlement at Durankulak Lake belongs to the second half of the 6th millennium BC. From the medicinal plants there were found wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), hops (Humulus lupulus), yarrow (Achillea milefolium), etc. (5) According to the legend, the Thracian Achilles used the white yarrow during the Trojan War to cure bleeding wounds and thus the plant was named after him “Achillea”
p 100 The Thracian leader, Zalmoxis, was a physician and a priest of the Thracian Getae tribe inhabiting the two banks around the mouth of the Danube River. He played a significant role in the ancient culture and medicine. His methods impressed the legendary fathers of philosophy Socrates and Plato, and the latter studied them in the famous "Charmides" dialogue, written around 380 BC: According to it "it is a mistake for physicians to treat the soul or the body separately. The diseases are treated in a complex method consisting of the use of herbal remedies and healing of the soul. The latter consists of a statement of reasonable principles from which wisdom is born in the soul. Once the soul accepts it, it would be appropriate to give a remedy from plants for the health of the head and the rest of the body." (
Orpheus, besides the father of Thracian music,
poetry and music therapy, he has also given rise to herbal therapy and medicine. The philosopher and rhetorician Alcidamas credits Orpheus with the invention of writing (3, 6) The Thracian leader recorded his knowledge of herbalism, medicine, philosophical and religious sciences, as well as his poetry on clay and gold tiles. The existence of "books" of Orpheus has many different sources of evidence. On a bronze mirror from the V century BC, the legendary Thracian is depicted with a lyre and a basket of scrolls and books. (6) According to Euripides his books were written on the most precious metal of all – gold for its divine and medicinal properties
The Derveni papyrus, found in Derveni, Macedonia in 1962, contains a philosophical treatise that is an allegorical commentary on an Orphic poem in hexameters, concerning the birth of the gods. Fragments of the poem are quoted making it "the most important new piece of evidence about philosophy and religion to come to light since the Renaissance" (16) The papyrus dates to around 340 BC, making it Europe's oldest surviving manuscript. Plato in his dialogue “The Republic” tells of priests who would offer purifications to the soul using books by Orpheus and his student Musaeus. (15) According to Batacliev (1989) only 363 fragments are left from the enormous work of Orpheus (3). The historian W. Mitford wrote that the very earliest form of a higher and more cohesive ancient religion was manifested in the Orphic poems: T
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